The Zion Christian Church (or ZCC) is the largest African Initiated Church in southern Africa, with four million members . The church's headquarters are at Zion City Moria in Limpopo Province, South Africa, and the church is led by Barnabas Lekganyane, the grandson of its founder.

History

Origin

The ZCC was formed by Engenas Lekganyane, a former member of the Free Church of Scotland, Apostolic Faith Mission and Zion Apostolic Church. ZCC members trace the founding of the church to a revelation which Lekganyane is said to

Zion City Moria

In 1930 ZCC followers purchased land near Polokwane which was christened Zion City Moria and became the headquarters of the church. Every year over a million people travel to Zion City Moria at Easter, in early September and over Christmas for religious celebrations.

Schism

Following Lekganyane's death in 1948, the church split into two congregations:

• A minority of the congregation adopted the name Saint Engenas Zion Christian Church and continued at the original location under the leadership of Lekganyane's second son, Joseph; the church adopted a dove as its symbol.
• The Zion Christian Church congregation built a new Zion City Moria a mile
  
  
  
  east of the original site and continued under the leadership of Lekganyane's eldest son, Edward. The ZCC adopted a star of David as its symbol.

Characteristics and beliefs

Characteristics of the ZCC

The ZCC is distinguished from traditional Christianity by characteristics which are typical of African Initiated Churches and which include:

• The belief that the religious and administrative leader of the church (or bishop) is a mediator between the congregation and God; that, like Christ, he can perform supernatural acts and faith-healing
• The belief that senior officials in the ZCC (known as prophets or moruti) can use the power of the Holy Spirit to perform healing and make the wishes of the ancestors known.
• The use of different mechanisms for faith-healing. These include the laying-on of hands; the use of holy water; drinking of blessed tea and coffee; bloodletting with needles; the wearing of blessed cords or cloth and the burning of blessed papers called mogau.

Christian beliefs

Members of the ZCC generally believe that:

• A person may contact God through direct prayer, or through intercession by Christ, bishops of the ZCC and the ancestor spirits
• Purification from sins may be obtained through prayer and other rituals
• The bishop of the ZCC to some degree replaces the figure of Christ as the Messiah
• Spirit possession may be the work of either the Holy Spirit or of ancestor spirits

References

1.  
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3.   Anderson, A., 1999. "The Lekganyanes and Prophecy in the Zion Christian Church", Journal of Religion in Africa, xxix - 3
4.   Hanekom, C., 1975. Krisis en Kultus : Geloofsopvattinge en seremonies binne 'n Swart Kerk, Academica: Kaapstad en Pretoria