The Pauline Privilege (Privilegium Paulinum) is a Christian concept drawn from the apostle Paul's instructions in theFirst Epistle to the Corinthians.

To the married I give charge, not I but the Lord, that the wife should not separate from her husband .. and that the husband should not divorce his wife. To the rest I say, not the Lord, .. But if the unbelieving partner desires to separate, let it be so; in such a case the brother or sister is not bound. For God has called us to peace. (1 Corinthians 7:10-15, RSV)

The first section, "not I but the Lord", repeats Jesus' teaching on divorce, found in Matthew 5:32, Matthew 19:9, Luke 16:18, Mark 10:11. The second section, "I say, not the Lord", gives Paul's own teaching on divorce.

In Catholicism and in some Protestant denominations, this is interpreted as allowing the dissolution of a marriage

The Pauline Privilege differs from divorce in that it leaves the Christian partner free to remarry. It differs from annulment because it dissolves an actual marriage, where annulments formalize that a marriage did not take place.

The Pauline Privilege does not apply when either of the partners were Christians at the time of marriage. Under Catholicism, the Petrine Privilege may be invoked if only one of the partners was baptized at the time of marriage.

Controversy

Some denominations do not recognize the Pauline Privilege as allowing for the dissolution of marriage, arguing that marriage is not the "bondage" referred to in Paul's instruction.

Another point of contention is what constitutes a "desire to separate" on the part of the unbelieving partner. Some recognize abuse as equivalent to a "constructive desertion", thus providing grounds for invoking the privilege.