The Church of Nigeria is the Anglican Church in Nigeria. It is also the second-largest Province in the Anglican Communion, as measured by baptized membership, after the Church of England. It claims 15 million members. However, the Church of Nigeria is generally accepted to be the largest Anglican province by number of worshippers.

The Church of Nigeria has 78 dioceses in 3 ecclesiastical Provinces. The administrative headquarters is located in Abuja.

The leader of the Church, Archbishop of Nigeria Peter Akinola, has become prominent in recent years as a leader of conservatives within the Anglican Communion. After the 2003 ordination of the openly homosexual Gene Robinson as Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of New Hampshire, he threatened that it might split in the Anglican Communion. As a first step, the Church declared itself in "impaired communion" with the Episcopal Church USA on November 21, 2003. In September 2005, the Church in Nigeria reworded its constitution to redefine, from its point of view, the Anglican Communion. No longer would it be "provinces in communion with the See of Canterbury" but instead "all Anglican Churches, Dioceses and Provinces that hold and maintain the ‘Historic Faith, Doctrine, Sacrament and Discipline of the one Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church’". Since one of Akinola's demands, the

Church of Nigeria